Aguzzi, C., Zeppa, L., Morelli, M. B., Marinelli, O., Giangrossi, M., Amantini, C., … & Nabissi, M. (2024). Anticancer effect of minor phytocannabinoids in preclinical models of multiple myeloma. BioFactors, 50(6), 1208–1219.
Amada, N., Yamasaki, Y., Williams, C. M., & Whalley, B. J. (2013). Cannabidivarin (CBDV) suppresses pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced increases in epilepsy-related gene expression. PeerJ, 1, e214.
Anderson, B. D., Sepulveda, D. E., Nachnani, R., Cortez-Resendiz, A., Coates, M. D., Beckett, A., … & Raup-Konsavage, W. M. (2024). High cannabigerol hemp extract moderates colitis and modulates the microbiome in an inflammatory bowel disease model. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 390(3), 331–341.
Anderson, L. L., Low, I. K., Banister, S. D., McGregor, I. S., & Arnold, J. C. (2019). Pharmacokinetics of phytocannabinoid acids and anticonvulsant effect of cannabidiolic acid in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Journal of Natural Products, 82(11), 3047–3055.
Appendino, G., Gibbons, S., Giana, A., Pagani, A., Grassi, G., Stavri, M., … & Rahman, M. M. (2008). Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: A structure–activity study. Journal of Natural Products, 71(8), 1427–1430.
Benson, M. J., Anderson, L. L., Low, I. K., Luo, J. L., Kevin, R. C., Zhou, C., … & Arnold, J. C. (2022). Evaluation of the possible anticonvulsant effect of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid in murine seizure models. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 7(1), 46–57.
Bonn-Miller, M. O., et al. (2024). A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the safety and effects of CBN with and without CBD on sleep quality. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 32(3), 277.
Borrelli, F., et al. (2014). Colon carcinogenesis is inhibited by the TRPM8 antagonist cannabigerol, a cannabis-derived non-psychotropic cannabinoid. Carcinogenesis, 35(12), 2787–2797.
Brierley, D. I., et al. (2016). Cannabigerol is a novel, well-tolerated appetite stimulant in pre-satiated rats. Psychopharmacology, 233(19), 3603–3613.
Brierley, D. I., Samuels, J., Duncan, M., Whalley, B. J., & Williams, C. M. (2017). A cannabigerol-rich Cannabis sativa extract devoid of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol elicits hyperphagia in rats. Behavioural Pharmacology, 28(4), 280–284.
Brierley, D. I., et al. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced cachexia dysregulates hypothalamic and systemic lipoamines and is attenuated by cannabigerol. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 10(4), 844–859.
Corroon, J. (2021). Cannabinol and sleep: Separating fact from fiction. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 6(5), 366–371.
Cuttler, C., Stueber, A., Cooper, Z. D., & Russo, E. (2024). Acute effects of cannabigerol on anxiety, stress, and mood: A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover field trial. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 16163.
Espadas, I., Keifman, E., Palomo-Garo, C., Burgaz, S., García, C., Fernández-Ruiz, J., & Moratalla, R. (2020). Beneficial effects of Δ9-THCV in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiology of Disease, 141, 104892.
Farrimond, J. A., Whalley, B. J., & Williams, C. M. (2012). Cannabinol and cannabidiol exert opposing effects on rat feeding patterns. Psychopharmacology, 223(1), 117–129.
Fellous, T., et al. (2020). Phytocannabinoids promote viability and functional adipogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biochemical Pharmacology, 175, 113859.
Formato, M., et al. (2020). (−)-Cannabidiolic acid, a still overlooked bioactive compound: An introductory review. Molecules, 25(11), 2638.
García, C., Palomo-Garo, C., García-Arencibia, M., Ramos, J. A., Pertwee, R. G., & Fernández-Ruiz, J. (2011). Symptom-relieving and neuroprotective effects of Δ9-THCV in Parkinson’s models. British Journal of Pharmacology, 163(7), 1495–1506.
Goerl, B., et al. (2021). Cannabidiolic acid exhibits entourage-like improvements of anticonvulsant activity in rats. Epilepsy Research, 169, 106525.
Haghdoost, M., López de los Santos, Y., Brunstetter, M., Ferretti, M. L., Roberts, M., & Bonn-Miller, M. O. (2024). In silico docking of HHC and THCV isomers. Pharmaceuticals, 17(5), 637.
Haghdoost, M., Peters, E. N., Roberts, M., & Bonn-Miller, M. O. (2025). Tetrahydrocannabivarin is not tetrahydrocannabinol. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 10(1), 1–5.
Hen-Shoval, D., Amar, S., Shbiro, L., Smoum, R., Haj, C. G., Mechoulam, R., … & Shoval, G. (2018). Cannabidiolic acid methyl ester reduces depression-like behavior. Behavioural Brain Research, 351, 1–3.
Hen-Shoval, D., Moshe, L., Indig-Naimer, T., Mechoulam, R., Shoval, G., Zalsman, G., … & Weller, A. (2023). CB2 blockade prevents antidepressant effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 3828.
Hill, A. J., Weston, S. E., Jones, N. A., Smith, I., Bevan, S. A., Williamson, E. M., & Stephens, G. J. (2012). Cannabidivarin is anticonvulsant in mice and rats. British Journal of Pharmacology, 167(8), 1629–1642.
Hill, A. J., Mercier, M. S., Hill, T. D., et al. (2013). Cannabidivarin (CBDV) suppresses PTZ-induced epileptiform activity in vitro.
Huizenga, M. N., Sepulveda-Rodriguez, A., & Forcelli, P. A. (2019). Preclinical safety and efficacy of cannabidivarin for early life seizures. Neuropharmacology, 148, 189–198.
Iannotti, F. A., et al. (2014). CBDV and CBD activate TRPV1 channels. ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 5(11), 1131–1141.
Jadoon, K. A., et al. (2016). Cannabidiol and THCV effects in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 39, 1–10.
Khouchlaa, A., Khouri, S., Hajib, A., Zeouk, I., Amalich, S., Msairi, S., … & Bouyahya, A. (2024). Cannabinol review. Industrial Crops and Products, 213, 118359.
Leelawat, S., et al. (2022). Antitumor effects of THC and CBN. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2022, 6477132.
Maione, S., Rossi, F., Guy, G., Stott, C., & Kikuchi, T. (2018). Cannabinoids for neuropathic pain (U.S. Patent No. 9,895,342 B2). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Morano, A., et al. (2016). Cannabis in epilepsy. Epilepsia Open, 1(3–4), 145–151.
Nadal, X., et al. (2017). THCA as PPARγ agonist. British Journal of Pharmacology, 174(23), 4263–4276.
Nallathambi, R., et al. (2017). Anti-inflammatory activity of THCA. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2(1), 167–182.
Nachnani, R., Raup-Konsavage, W. M., & Vrana, K. E. (2021). Pharmacological case for CBG. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 376(2), 204–212.
Pagano, E., et al. (2019). CBDV and intestinal inflammation. Pharmacological Research, 149, 104464.
Palomares, B., et al. (2020). THCA-A and metabolic disease. Biochemical Pharmacology, 171, 113693.
Perez, E., et al. (2022). Cannabigerol and skin health. Molecules, 27(2), 491.
Peters, E. N., et al. (2023). Δ8-THCV human trial. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 8(1 Suppl), S71–S82.
Rock, E. M., Kopstick, R. L., Limebeer, C. L., & Parker, L. A. (2013). THCA reduces nausea. British Journal of Pharmacology, 170(3), 641–648.
Russo, E. B., et al. (2022). Cannabigerol survey. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 7(5), 706–716.
Sepulveda, D. E., et al. (2022). CBG and neuropathy. European Journal of Pain, 26(9), 1950–1966.
Wang, B., et al. (2022). Cannabinol and neuroblastoma. Cancers, 14(8), 1908.
Wong, H., & Cairns, B. E. (2019). CBD and CBN analgesia. Archives of Oral Biology, 104, 33–39.
Wood, T. B., Spivey, W. N., & Easterfield, T. H. (1899). Cannabinol. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions, 75, 20–36.
Zamberletti, E., et al. (2019). CBDV rescues cognitive deficits. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 33(7), 894–907.